A virtual data room (VDR) is a secure, online repository used to share confidential documents with controlled access. Traditional use cases include M&A diligence, fundraising rounds, IPO preparation, litigation, and audits.
Key features that distinguish a data room from a generic cloud folder: per-recipient folder permissions, click-through NDA on entry, watermarking with the recipient's email, full audit logging (who viewed what, when, for how long), download restrictions, and search across document names.
Legacy VDRs (Datasite, Intralinks) charge per-deal fees ranging from $1,200-$10,000 per transaction. Modern alternatives like Dataroom include unlimited data rooms on a flat $9.99/month per-Organization plan.